Even though the world (and the Jewish people in particular) had waited thousands of years for the Messiah to come, when He finally arrived, they rejected Him. Even today, Jesus is considered an imposter by many. But this rejection is only possible when you reject the facts. And the fact is, Jesus fulfilled more than 300 Old Testament prophecies when He came 2,000 years ago. This has been documented by numerous scholars over the years.[1],[2] This evidence is so powerful that Jesus skeptics have had to come up with alternative explanations.
1. These Messianic Prophecies are about the nation of Israel not the Messiah.
The most common alternative explanation is that the prophecies are about the nation of Israel and not the Messiah. On the surface this theory may sound reasonable but, as many Christian scholars (both Jewish and non-Jewish) have pointed out, when you dig into the details it simply doesn’t work.[3] As an example, let’s consider the most disputed passage in the Old Testament—Isaiah 53. This is known famously as the “Suffering Servant” passage and it runs from Isaiah 52:13 – 53:12. And much could be said about this passage but let me just give you three points. First, if you read it carefully you will see that the mission of the Suffering Servant in this passage is very different and distinct from the nation of Israel. Second, all ancient rabbis believed that this passage was about the Messiah and not Israel. The shift of interpretation was largely a response to Christian missionaries who would use this passage to show that it is about Jesus.[4] And third, Isaiah 53 speaks so clearly about the Messiah that Jewish rabbis often skip right over it in their synagogue services. Indeed, when Jewish people are finally exposed to this chapter many of them come to realize that Jesus is the Suffering Servant and Savior.
2. Jesus controlled these prophecies to appear like He was the Messiah.
Another alternative theory is that Jesus purposely controlled and fulfilled these prophecies to simply appear like He was the Messiah. But this also doesn’t work. As Grant Jeffrey pointed out, “Some Bible critics, such as Professor Hugh J. Schonfield, have suggested that Jesus of Nazareth, as a rabbi, naturally knew about these predictions and simply arranged the events of His life to fulfill these specific prophecies. But how would you arrange to be born in Bethlehem? How would you manage to be born into the tribe of Judah? How would you make sure that the price of your betrayal would be precisely thirty pieces of silver? How would you arrange to be crucified with thieves? How would a crucified man arrange to have his enemies gamble for his garments? The truth is that, if you could arrange all of these details, you would have to be the Son of God.”[5]
3. The prophecies were invented after the fact.
Another possibility that might be suggested by some “street skeptics” would be that the prophecies were invented after Jesus did what He did. I say street skeptics because no serious scholar (non-Christian or otherwise) would ever make this claim since it is a well-known fact of history that the Old Testament was completed in its entirety hundreds of years before Jesus was born. The Septuagint, for example, which is the Greek translation of the Old Testament was completed by about 250 BC which means that the Hebrew text the translators were working from was completed before that.
4. Jesus fulfilled these prophecies by accident.
Another possible explanation is that Jesus fulfilled all of these Messianic prophecies by totally random chance. But according to the laws of mathematical probability that would be virtually impossible.[6] And several people have undertaken the task of calculating what exactly those odds would be.[7] But one example is French mathematician George Heron who “calculated that the odds of one man fulfilling only 40 of those prophecies are 1 in 10 to the power of 157. That is a 1 over a 1 followed by 157 zeroes.”[8] It’s practically incomprehensible! And remember, Jesus fulfilled over 300 prophecies so the actual number would be even more astronomical.
Thus, the only reasonable explanation is that Jesus fulfilled all of these prophecies because He is the Messiah! And if He fulfilled the prophecies regarding His first coming then we should fully expect Him to fulfill the rest at His second coming.

Ryan Hembree is a daily co-host, speaker, and writer of Bible Discovery. He also hosts a YouTube channel that shows the unity of the Bible and how science and Scripture fit together. Ryan also has an honorary Masters of Ministry in Creation Science from Phoenix University of Theology.
[1] As a matter of fact, “One scholar, J. Barton Payne, has found as many as 574 verses in the Old Testament that somehow point to or describe or reference the coming Messiah. Alfred Edersheim found 456 Old Testament verses referring to the Messiah or His times. Conservatively, Jesus fulfilled at least 300 prophecies in His earthly ministry.” https://www.gotquestions.org/prophecies-of-Jesus.html
[2] See also Jerome Dominguez, AMG’s Encyclopedia of Jesus’ Life and Time, P.74-88, Compiled by Mark Water.
[3] For example, Jewish scholar Dr. Arnold Fruchtenbaum in his book Messianic Christology powerfully demonstrates that these prophecies are about the Messiah not the nation of Israel. In particular, regarding the highly disputed “Suffering Servant” passage in Isaiah 52:13 – 53:12 (see P. 53-58).
[4] According to Fruchtenbaum, “All of the ancient Jewish writings—the Mishna, the Gemara, (the Talmud), the Midrashim and many others—al regard this portion of Scripture as relating to the Messianic Person. The first rabbi to suggest otherwise was Rashi, around 1050 A.D. Every rabbi prior to Rashi, without exception, viewed this passage as describing Messiah…. As Christian evangelists began to make greater use of this passage, particularly from the early 1800’s onward, an increasing number of rabbis found Rashi’s view an attractive way of countering Christian teaching.” Dr. Arnold Fruchtenbaum, Messianic Christology, P.54.
[5] Grant Jeffrey, Jesus the Great Debate, P.240.
[6] For an explanation of mathematical probabilities see Grant Jeffrey, Jesus the Great Debate, Ch.12.
[7] For three examples see, Grant Jeffrey, Jesus the Great Debate, Ch.12 and Jerome Dominguez, AMG’s Encyclopedia of Jesus’ Life and Time, P.74.
[8] Jerome Dominguez, AMG’s Encyclopedia of Jesus’ Life and Time, P.74.

